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The ''omer'' ((ヘブライ語:עמר)) is an ancient Israelite unit of dry measure used in the era of the Temple in Jerusalem. It is used in the Bible as an ancient unit of volume for grains and dry commodities, and the Torah mentions as being equal to one tenth of an ''ephah''. The ''ephah'' was defined as being 72 ''logs'', and the ''Log'' was equal to the Sumerian ''mina'', which was itself defined as one sixtieth of a ''maris'';〔''Jewish Encyclopedia''〕 the ''omer'' was thus equal to about of a ''maris''. The ''maris'' was defined as being the quantity of water equal in weight to a light royal talent,〔there were two types of ''talent'' - ''royal'' and ''common'', and each type came in a ''light'' form and a ''heavy'' form, with the ''heavy'' form being exactly twice the weight of the ''light'' form〕 and was thus equal to about 30.3 litres,〔 making the ''omer'' equal to about 3.64 litres. The ''omer'' is not easy to fit into the remainder of the ancient Israelite measurement system, as it constitutes 1.8 ''kabs'' and 0.3 ''se'ah''. It is alleged that the unit is a result of the sexagesimal〔60-based〕 system being decimalised, perhaps under the influence of Egypt or Assyria, which both had decimal systems.〔〔Cheyne and Black, ''Encyclopedia Biblica''〕 The word ''omer'' is sometimes translated as ''sheaf'' — specifically, an amount of grain large enough to require bundling. The biblical episode of the manna describes God as instructing the Israelites to collect ''an omer for each person in your tent'', implying that each person could eat an omer of manna a day. In the Instructions of Moses (Torah in Hebrew), the main significance of the ''omer'' is the traditional offering of an ''omer'' of barley on the day after the Sabbath, or according to the pharisian and rabbinical view, on the day after Passover during the feast of unleavened bread (during the period of Temple sacrifice) as well as the tradition of the Counting of the Omer (''sefirat ha'omer'') - the 49 days between this sacrifice and the two loaves of wheat offered on the holiday of Shavuot. The omer should not be confused with the homer, a much larger unit of volume for liquids. ==See also== *Biblical and Talmudic units of measurement *Omer (disambiguation) 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Omer (unit)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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